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Oral submucous fibrosis in North Gujarat: A demographic study
Ketan Prajapati1, Jyoti Chawda2, Malvi Thakkar3, Nupur Gajera4, Rohit Thakkar5, Jarvil Thakkar6
1 PhD Scholar, Gujarat University, Gujarat, India
2 Ex. Prof. and Head, Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
3 Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontia, Goenka Research Institute of Dental Science, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
4 Consultant, Oral Pathologist, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
5 Tutor, Department of Periodontia, Siddhpur Dental College and Hospital, Siddhpur, Gujarat, India
6 Associate Dentist, Spandan Oral Aesthetic Clinic, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Ketan Prajapati
Department of Oral Pathology, Siddhpur Dental College and Hospital, Sidhhpur, Patan, Gujarat
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/ijpcdr.ijpcdr_5_21
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Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a premalignant disorder, mainly caused by betel nut chewing in various forms. It is found in the Asian subcontinent, mostly India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. The understanding of the exact role of alkaloids and other etiological agents with respect to pathogenesis will help in the management and treatment modalities.
Aim: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the epidemiologic profile of patients with OSMF in the North Gujarat population.
Materials and Methods: Patients of OSMF attending the OPD of Siddhpur Dental College were selected for the study. Total numbers of 100 cases of clinically diagnosed OSMF were included for this study. A detailed case history was taken and clinical examination was done in visible light. The patients having difficulty in opening the mouth along with associated blanched oral mucosa with palpable fibrous bands were diagnosed as OSMF patients were included in this study. This study was done on the basis of age group, habit duration, types of habit, and clinical grading of OSMF. After collecting data, they were analyzed statistically.
Results: From 100 OSMF patients majority had Grade III interincisal mouth opening. Among the groups divided based on age, Group II (15–30 years age) showed more prevalence than the others. Gutkha and masala (main content areca nut) were a powerful etiological factor (4%) among other etiological factors.
Conclusion: OSMF predominantly affects younger age group adults with male predilection and the majority of patients presented with a progressive and advanced form of disease. Thus, advancement in diagnostic aids is required to arrest the disease in its initial stages.
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